Which network is characterized by its ability to handle time-critical control operations and is based on the Ethernet protocol?

The chosen answer, EtherNet/IP, is the correct response because it is a networking standard that allows for the integration of control and information at higher levels, focusing specifically on real-time and time-sensitive operations. EtherNet/IP utilizes the standard Ethernet protocol, which allows it not only to benefit from the widespread adoption of Ethernet technology but also to support communication for both industrial automation applications and general data networking.

In EtherNet/IP, the implementation of the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) over Ethernet enables devices and controllers to communicate efficiently in a way that ensures timely response times, which are crucial for time-critical processes found in manufacturing and industrial control systems. This networking protocol is designed to ensure high integrity and reliability of data transmission, meeting the stringent requirements necessary for the control of equipment and processes.

In contrast, the other options represent different types of networks that do not primarily use the Ethernet protocol or do not focus on the same level of time-critical communication found in EtherNet/IP. ControlNet and DeviceNet are both networking protocols designed for industrial automation but have different structures and capabilities compared to EtherNet/IP. Token Ring, while an alternative networking standard, is not focused specifically on control operations and has largely been phased out in favor of Ethernet-based solutions.